Senin, 15 Desember 2014

PENULARAN HIV PADA MANUSIA


Penularan HIV terjadi melalui kontak dengan cairan mengandung sel terinfeksi atau partikel virus. Yang dimaksud dengan cairan tubuh di sini adalah darah, semen, cairan vagina, cairan serebropinal dan air susu ibu. Dalam konsentrasi yang lebih kecil, virus juga terdapat pada air mata, air kemih dan air ludah.

HIV ditularkan melalui cara-cara berikut:
• Hubungan seksual dengan penderita, dimana selaput lendir mulut, vagina atau rektum berhubungan langsung dengan cairan tubuh yang terkontaminasi.
• Suntikan atau infus darah yang terkontaminasi. Hal ini sering terjadi pada saat transfusi darah, pemakaian jarum bersama-sama atau tidak sengaja tergores oleh jarum yang terkontaminasi virus HIV.
• Pemindahan virus dari yang terinfeksi kepada anaknya sebelum atau selama proses kelahiran .
• Melalui ASI
HIV tidak ditularkan melalui kontak biasa atau kontak dekat yang tidak bersifat seksual di tempat bekerja, sekolah ataupun dirumah . Belum pernah dilaporkan kasus penularan HIV melalui batuk atau bersin penderita maupun melalui gigitan nyamuk.

1 komentar:

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